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从 ASCII 到 UTF-8
ASCII 是第一个字符编码标准。ASCII 定义了 128 种可以在互联网上使用的字符#xff1a;数字#xff08;0-9#xff09;、英文字母#xff08;A-Z#xff09;和一些特殊字符…
为了正确显示 HTML 页面Web 浏览器必须知道要使用哪个字符集。
从 ASCII 到 UTF-8
ASCII 是第一个字符编码标准。ASCII 定义了 128 种可以在互联网上使用的字符数字0-9、英文字母A-Z和一些特殊字符比如! $ - ( ) 。
ISO-8859-1 是 HTML 4 的默认字符集。此字符集支持 256 个不同的字符代码。HTML 4 同时支持 UTF-8。
ANSIWindows-1252是原始的 Windows 字符集。 ANSI 与 ISO-8859-1 相同不同之处在于 ANSI 具有 32 个额外的字符。
HTML5 规范鼓励 Web 开发人员使用 UTF-8 字符集该字符集涵盖了世界上几乎所有的字符和符号
HTML charset 属性
为了正确显示 HTML 页面Web 浏览器必须了解页面中使用的字符集。
这在 meta 标签中指定
meta charsetUTF-8
字符集之间的差异
下表展示了上述字符集之间的区别
NumbASCIIANSI8859UTF-8Description32space33!!!!exclamation mark34quotation mark35####number sign36$$$$dollar sign37%%%%percent sign38ampersand39apostrophe40((((left parenthesis41))))right parenthesis42****asterisk43plus sign44,,,,comma45----hyphen-minus46....full stop47////solidus480000digit zero491111digit one502222digit two513333digit three524444digit four535555digit five546666digit six557777digit seven568888digit eight579999digit nine58::::colon59;;;;semicolon60less-than sign61equals sign62greater-than sign63????question mark64commercial at65AAAALatin capital letter A66BBBBLatin capital letter B67CCCCLatin capital letter C68DDDDLatin capital letter D69EEEELatin capital letter E70FFFFLatin capital letter F71GGGGLatin capital letter G72HHHHLatin capital letter H73IIIILatin capital letter I74JJJJLatin capital letter J75KKKKLatin capital letter K76LLLLLatin capital letter L77MMMMLatin capital letter M78NNNNLatin capital letter N79OOOOLatin capital letter O80PPPPLatin capital letter P81QQQQLatin capital letter Q82RRRRLatin capital letter R83SSSSLatin capital letter S84TTTTLatin capital letter T85UUUULatin capital letter U86VVVVLatin capital letter V87WWWWLatin capital letter W88XXXXLatin capital letter X89YYYYLatin capital letter Y90ZZZZLatin capital letter Z91[[[[left square bracket92\\\\reverse solidus93]]]]right square bracket94^^^^circumflex accent95____low line96grave accent97aaaaLatin small letter a98bbbbLatin small letter b99ccccLatin small letter c100ddddLatin small letter d101eeeeLatin small letter e102ffffLatin small letter f103ggggLatin small letter g104hhhhLatin small letter h105iiiiLatin small letter i106jjjjLatin small letter j107kkkkLatin small letter k108llllLatin small letter l109mmmmLatin small letter m110nnnnLatin small letter n111ooooLatin small letter o112ppppLatin small letter p113qqqqLatin small letter q114rrrrLatin small letter r115ssssLatin small letter s116ttttLatin small letter t117uuuuLatin small letter u118vvvvLatin small letter v119wwwwLatin small letter w120xxxxLatin small letter x121yyyyLatin small letter y122zzzzLatin small letter z123{{{{left curly bracket124||||vertical line125}}}}right curly bracket126~~~~tilde127DEL128€euro sign129NOT USED130‚single low-9 quotation mark131ƒLatin small letter f with hook132„double low-9 quotation mark133…horizontal ellipsis134†dagger135‡double dagger136ˆmodifier letter circumflex accent137‰per mille sign138ŠLatin capital letter S with caron139‹single left-pointing angle quotation mark140ŒLatin capital ligature OE141NOT USED142ŽLatin capital letter Z with caron143NOT USED144NOT USED145‘left single quotation mark146’right single quotation mark147“left double quotation mark148”right double quotation mark149•bullet150–en dash151—em dash152˜small tilde153™trade mark sign154šLatin small letter s with caron155›single right-pointing angle quotation mark156œLatin small ligature oe157NOT USED158žLatin small letter z with caron159ŸLatin capital letter Y with diaeresis160no-break space161¡¡¡inverted exclamation mark162¢¢¢cent sign163£££pound sign164¤¤¤currency sign165¥¥¥yen sign166¦¦¦broken bar167§§§section sign168¨¨¨diaeresis169©©©copyright sign170ªªªfeminine ordinal indicator171«««left-pointing double angle quotation mark172¬¬¬not sign173soft hyphen174®®®registered sign175¯¯¯macron176°°°degree sign177±±±plus-minus sign178²²²superscript two179³³³superscript three180´´´acute accent181µµµmicro sign182¶¶¶pilcrow sign183···middle dot184¸¸¸cedilla185¹¹¹superscript one186ºººmasculine ordinal indicator187»»»right-pointing double angle quotation mark188¼¼¼vulgar fraction one quarter189½½½vulgar fraction one half190¾¾¾vulgar fraction three quarters191¿¿¿inverted question mark192ÀÀÀLatin capital letter A with grave193ÁÁÁLatin capital letter A with acute194ÂÂÂLatin capital letter A with circumflex195ÃÃÃLatin capital letter A with tilde196ÄÄÄLatin capital letter A with diaeresis197ÅÅÅLatin capital letter A with ring above198ÆÆÆLatin capital letter AE199ÇÇÇLatin capital letter C with cedilla200ÈÈÈLatin capital letter E with grave201ÉÉÉLatin capital letter E with acute202ÊÊÊLatin capital letter E with circumflex203ËËËLatin capital letter E with diaeresis204ÌÌÌLatin capital letter I with grave205ÍÍÍLatin capital letter I with acute206ÎÎÎLatin capital letter I with circumflex207ÏÏÏLatin capital letter I with diaeresis208ÐÐÐLatin capital letter Eth209ÑÑÑLatin capital letter N with tilde210ÒÒÒLatin capital letter O with grave211ÓÓÓLatin capital letter O with acute212ÔÔÔLatin capital letter O with circumflex213ÕÕÕLatin capital letter O with tilde214ÖÖÖLatin capital letter O with diaeresis215×××multiplication sign216ØØØLatin capital letter O with stroke217ÙÙÙLatin capital letter U with grave218ÚÚÚLatin capital letter U with acute219ÛÛÛLatin capital letter U with circumflex220ÜÜÜLatin capital letter U with diaeresis221ÝÝÝLatin capital letter Y with acute222ÞÞÞLatin capital letter Thorn223ßßßLatin small letter sharp s224àààLatin small letter a with grave225áááLatin small letter a with acute226âââLatin small letter a with circumflex227ãããLatin small letter a with tilde228äääLatin small letter a with diaeresis229åååLatin small letter a with ring above230æææLatin small letter ae231çççLatin small letter c with cedilla232èèèLatin small letter e with grave233éééLatin small letter e with acute234êêêLatin small letter e with circumflex235ëëëLatin small letter e with diaeresis236ìììLatin small letter i with grave237íííLatin small letter i with acute238îîîLatin small letter i with circumflex239ïïïLatin small letter i with diaeresis240ðððLatin small letter eth241ñññLatin small letter n with tilde242òòòLatin small letter o with grave243óóóLatin small letter o with acute244ôôôLatin small letter o with circumflex245õõõLatin small letter o with tilde246öööLatin small letter o with diaeresis247÷÷÷division sign248øøøLatin small letter o with stroke249ùùùLatin small letter u with grave250úúúLatin small letter u with acute251ûûûLatin small letter with circumflex252üüüLatin small letter u with diaeresis253ýýýLatin small letter y with acute254þþþLatin small letter thorn255ÿÿÿLatin small letter y with diaeresis
ASCII 字符集
ASCII 使用 0 到 31以及 127之间的值作为控制字符。
ASCII 使用 32 到 126 的值表示字母、数字和符号。
ASCII 不使用 128 到 255 之间的值。
ANSI 字符集 (Windows-1252)
对于 0 到 127 的值ANSI 与 ASCII 相同。
ANSI 有一组专有的字符其值从 128 到 159。
对于 160 到 255 的值ANSI 与 UTF-8 相同。
ISO-8859-1 字符集
对于 0 到 127 的值8859-1 与 ASCII 相同。
8859-1 不使用 128 到 159 之间的值。
对于从 160 到 255 的值8859-1 与 UTF-8 相同。
UTF-8 字符集
对于 0 到 127 的值UTF-8 与 ASCII 相同。
UTF-8 不使用 12 8到 159 之间的值。
对于 160 到 255 之间的值UTF-8 与 ANSI 和 8859-1 相同。
UTF-8 从值 256 继续包含超过 10000 个不同字符。
如需深入研究请阅读我们完整的 HTML 字符集参考手册。
charset CSS 规则
您可以使用 CSS charset 规则来指定样式表中使用的字符编码
实例
将样式表的编码设置为 Unicode UTF-8
charset UTF-8;
