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ESP-IDF中添加了对Opencores以太网MAC的支持。
运行以太网示例时#xff0c;启用CONFIG_EXAMPLE_CONNECT_ETHERNET和 CONFIG_EXAMPLE_USE_OPENETH.。运行自定义应用程序时#xff0c;启用CONFIG_ETH_USE_OPENETH 并初始化以太网驱动程序#xff0c;如示例 /c…以太网口支持
ESP-IDF中添加了对Opencores以太网MAC的支持。
运行以太网示例时启用CONFIG_EXAMPLE_CONNECT_ETHERNET和 CONFIG_EXAMPLE_USE_OPENETH.。运行自定义应用程序时启用CONFIG_ETH_USE_OPENETH 并初始化以太网驱动程序如示例 /common_components/protocol_example.common/connect.c 中所示查找 esp_eth_mac_new_openeth。
启动QEMU时使用open_eth网络设备。
用户模式网络
例如要在用户模式下启动网络仅TCP/UDP模拟设备位于NAT之后请在QEMU命令行中添加以下选项
-nic user,modelopen_eth一些ESP项目特别是运行TCP侦听器可能需要设置端口转发
-nic user,modelopen_eth,idlo0,hostfwdtcp:127.0.0.1:PORT_HOST-:PORT_GUEST例如asio-echo服务器默认在2222上设置服务器因此hostfwdtcp:127.0.0.1:22222-2222 允许从主机访问 nc localhost 2222
指定引导模式
要指定所需的 strapping 模式, 在运行QEMU时需要添加以下参数
-global driveresp32.gpio,propertystrap_mode,value0x0f这将设置 GPIO_STRAP 寄存器的值。
使用 0x12 作为闪存启动模式默认将 0x0f 用于仅UART下载模式因为SDIO部分未实现
Specifying eFuse storage
Add extra arguments to the command line:
-drive fileqemu_efuse.bin,ifnone,formatraw,idefuse
-global drivernvram.esp32.efuse,propertydrive,valueefuseThe first argument creates a block device backed by qemu_efuse.bin file, with identifier efuse. The second line configures nvram.esp32.efuse device to use this block device for storage.
The file must be created before starting QEMU:
dd if/dev/zero bs1 count124 of/tmp/qemu_efuse.bin124 bytes is the total size of ESP32 eFuse blocks.
Note
Specifying eFuse storage is mandatory to test out any platform security features like “Secure Boot” or “Flash Encryption”.
Emulating ESP32 ECO3
For the application to detect the emulated chip as ESP32 ECO3, the following virtual efuses must be set:
CHIP_VER_REV1CHIP_VER_REV2
Here is the corresponding efuse file (in hexadecimal, produced using xxd -p):
000000000000000000000000008000000000000000001000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000To convert this (efuse.hex) back to binary, run xxd -r -p efuse.hex qemu_efuse.bin.
Alternatively, these bits can be set using espefuse:
espefuse.py --portsocket://localhost:5555 burn_efuse CHIP_VER_REV1
espefuse.py --portsocket://localhost:5555 burn_efuse CHIP_VER_REV2Disabling the watchdogs
By default, Timer Group watchdog timers are emulated, and TG0 WDT is enabled at reset. It is sometimes useful to disable these watchdog timers. This can be done by adding the following to the command line:
-global drivertimer.esp32.timg,propertywdt_disable,valuetrueThis disables the emulation of TG watchdog timers. Even if the application configures them, they will not fire.
The RTC watchdog timer is not emulated yet, so it doesn’t need to be disabled.
Using esptool.py and espefuse.py to interact with QEMU Start QEMU: build/qemu-system-xtensa -nographic \-machine esp32 \-drive fileflash_image.bin,ifmtd,formatraw \-global driveresp32.gpio,propertystrap_mode,value0x0f \-drive fileqemu_efuse.bin,ifnone,formatraw,idefuse \-global drivernvram.esp32.efuse,propertydrive,valueefuse \-serial tcp::5555,server,nowaitThe final line redirects the emulated UART to TCP port 5555 (QEMU acts as a server). Type q and press Enter at any time to quit. Run esptool.py: esptool.py -p socket://localhost:5555 flash_idFlashing with idf.py also works: export ESPPORTsocket://localhost:5555
idf.py flashOr, run espefuse.py: espefuse.py --port socket://localhost:5555 --do-not-confirm burn_custom_mac 00:11:22:33:44:55Note: esptool can not reset the emulated chip using the RTS signal, because the state of RTS is not transmitted over TCP to QEMU. To reset the emulated chip, run system_reset command in QEMU console (started at step 1).
Specifying ROM ELF file
If -kernel and -bios arguments are not given, ESP32 (rev. 3) ROM code will be loaded. This ROM code binary is included in the repository. To specify the ROM code ELF file to load, pass the filename with a -bios filename argument.
Using flash encryption
Self-encryption workflow
In the IDF application, enable CONFIG_SECURE_FLASH_ENC_ENABLED through menuconfig, and build itBuild the flash image as per the instructions from the Compiling the ESP-IDF program to emulate section.Create qemu_efuse.bin as highlighted in the Specifying eFuse storage section.Execute qemu-system-xtensa using the following command:build/qemu-system-xtensa -nographic -machine esp32 \-drive file/path/to/qemu_efuse.bin,ifnone,formatraw,idefuse \-global drivernvram.esp32.efuse,propertydrive,valueefuse \-drive file/path/to/flash_image.bin,ifmtd,formatraw \-global drivertimer.esp32.timg,propertywdt_disable,valuetrueAdding PSRAM
QEMU “memory size” option can be used to enable PSRAM emulation. By default, no PSRAM is added to the machine. You can add 2MB or 4MB PSRAM using -m 2M or -m 4M command line options, respectively.
Note that PSRAM MMU is not emulated yet, so things like bank switching (himem in IDF) do not work.
Using SD cards
QEMU emulates SD/MMC host controller used in ESP32. To add an SD card to the system, create an image and pass it to QEMU. Create a raw image file, for example, 64 MB: $ dd if/dev/zero bs$((1024*1024)) count64 ofsd_image.binAdd the following argument when running QEMU: -drive filesd_image.bin,ifsd,formatrawIf you need to create a large SD card image, it is recommended to use sparse cqow2 images instead of raw ones. Consult QEMU manual about qemu-img tool for details.
Only one SD card is supported at a time. You can use either slot 0 or slot 1 of the SD/MMC controller in the application code.
Enabling graphical user interface (GUI)
The ESP32 QEMU implementation implements a virtual RGB panel, absent on the real hardware, that can be used to show graphical interface. It is associated to a virtual frame buffer that can be used to populate the pixels to show. It is also possible to use the target internal RAM as a frame buffer.
To enable the graphical interface, while keeping the serial output in the console, use the following command line:
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