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一.项目需求

1.比赛规则

• 学校举行一场演讲比赛，共有12个人参加。比赛共两轮，第一轮为淘汰赛，第二轮为决赛。
• 每名选手都有对应的编号，如 10001~ 10012
• 比赛方式：分组比赛，每组6个人；
• 第一轮分为两个小组， 整体按照选手编号进行抽签后顺序演讲.
• 十个评委分别给每名选手打分，**去除最高分和最低分，**求的平均分为本轮选手的成绩
• 当小组演讲完后，淘汰组内排名最后的三个选手，前三名晋级，进入下一轮的比赛
• 第二轮为决赛，前三名胜出
• 每轮比赛过后需要显示晋级选手的信息

2.程序功能

• 开始演讲比赛：完成整届比赛的流程，每个比赛阶段需要给用户一个提示，用户按任意键后继续下一个阶段
• 查看往届记录：查看之前比赛前三名结果，每次比赛都会记录到文件中，文件用.csv后缀名保存
• 清空比赛记录：将文件中数据清空
• 退出比赛程序：可以退出当前程序

二.界面实现

实际开发过程中，先写主界面，一些部分可以用伪代码注释，以后再慢慢实现：

#include <iostream>
#include <ctime>
#include "speechmanger.h"
using namespace std;int main()
{Speechmanger sm;int choice = 0;srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));while (true){sm.showmenu();cout << "请您输入您的选择：" << endl;cin >> choice;switch (choice){case 1:sm.startgame();                    //开始比赛break;case 2:sm.showrecord();                   //查看记录break;case 3:sm.clearfile();                    //清空文件break;case 0:sm.exitsystem();                   //退出系统break;default:system("cls");break;}}system("pause");return 0;
}

三.管理类头文件

speechmanger.h头文件：

#pragma once
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include "speaker.h"
#include <vector>
#include <map>
#include <algorithm>
#include <deque>
#include <functional>
#include <numeric>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;//演讲管理类
class Speechmanger
{
public:Speechmanger();                  //构造函数~Speechmanger();                 //析构函数void showmenu();                 //显示菜单void exitsystem();               //退出系统void initspeech();               //初始化容器和属性void creatspeaker();             //创建选手void startgame();                //开始比赛void speechdraw();               //抽签void contest();                  //比赛（打分）double avg_score();              //计算成绩void showscore();                //显示得分(1)void showhonor();                //显示决赛获奖名单void saverecord();               //保存本届决赛记录void loadrecord();               //读取比赛记录void showrecord();               //显示往届记录void clearfile();                //清空文件//成员属性vector<int> v1;                  //保存第一轮选手编号vector<int> v2;                  //保存第二轮选手编号，也就是第一轮晋级选手编号vector<int> v3;                  //保存最后胜出3名选手编号map<int, Speaker> m_s;           //存放编号及其具体对应选手的容器int index;                       //记录当前比赛轮次bool fileempty;                  //文件空标志map<int, vector<string>> m_record;      //存放往届记录的容器
};

像我这样，属性和方法分开写。

四.方法实现

speechmanger.cpp源文件实现：

#include "speechmanger.h"Speechmanger::Speechmanger()
{this->initspeech();this->creatspeaker();this->loadrecord();
}Speechmanger::~Speechmanger() 
{}//显示菜单
void Speechmanger::showmenu()
{cout << "********************************************" << endl;cout << "*************  欢迎参加演讲比赛 ************" << endl;cout << "*************  1.开始演讲比赛  *************" << endl;cout << "*************  2.查看往届记录  *************" << endl;cout << "*************  3.清空比赛记录  *************" << endl;cout << "*************  0.退出比赛程序  *************" << endl;cout << "********************************************" << endl;cout << endl;
}//退出系统
void Speechmanger::exitsystem()
{cout << "欢迎下次使用" << endl;exit(0);
}//初始化容器和属性
void Speechmanger::initspeech()
{//容器都置空this->v1.clear();this->v2.clear();this->v3.clear();this->m_s.clear();this->m_record.clear();//比赛轮次初始为1this->index = 1;}//创建12名选手
void Speechmanger::creatspeaker()
{string namesed = "ABCDEFGHILKL";for (int i = 0; i < namesed.size(); i++){string name = "选手";name += namesed[i];Speaker sp;sp.m_name = name;for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++){sp.m_score[j] = 0;}this->v1.push_back(i + 10001);                       //创建选手编号，放入v1容器中this->m_s.insert(make_pair(i + 10001, sp));          //记录编号和选手对应关系}
}//开始比赛
void Speechmanger::startgame()
{//第一轮开始比赛//1.抽签this->speechdraw();//2.比赛（打分）this->contest();//3.显示晋级名单this->showscore();//第二轮开始比赛this->index++;//1.抽签this->speechdraw();//2.比赛（打分）this->contest();//3.显示获奖名单this->showhonor();//4.结果保存到文件中this->saverecord();//重置环境this->initspeech();this->creatspeaker();this->loadrecord();cout << "本届比赛结束！" << endl;system("pause");system("cls");
}//抽签
void Speechmanger::speechdraw()
{cout << "第" << this->index << "轮选手正在抽签：" << endl;cout << "--------------------------------------" << endl;cout << "抽签后的结果如下：" << endl;if (this->index == 1){random_shuffle(v1.begin(), v1.end());for (vector<int>::iterator it = v1.begin(); it != v1.end(); it++){cout << *it << " ";}cout << endl;}else if (this->index == 2){random_shuffle(v2.begin(), v2.end());for (vector<int>::iterator it = v2.begin(); it != v2.end(); it++){cout << *it << " ";}cout << endl;}elsecout << "程序出现错误" << endl;cout << "--------------------------------------" << endl;system("pause");cout << endl;
}//比赛（打分）
void Speechmanger::contest()
{cout << "---第" << this->index << "轮比赛开始：---" << endl;vector<int> v_src;                    //比赛容器if (this->index == 1)v_src = v1;if (this->index == 2)v_src = v2;multimap<double, int, greater<double>> groupscore;             //临时容器，存放小组成绩int num = 0;                //记录人数，6个人一组//遍历所有选手开始打分for (vector<int>::iterator it = v_src.begin(); it != v_src.end(); it++){num++;double score = this->avg_score();this->m_s[*it].m_score[index - 1] = score;            //第四种插入方式groupscore.insert(make_pair(score,*it));if (num % 6 == 0){cout << "第" << num / 6 << "小组的成绩如下：" << endl;for (multimap<double, int, greater<double>>::iterator dit = groupscore.begin(); dit != groupscore.end(); dit++){cout << "编号：" << dit->second << "  姓名：" << this->m_s[dit->second].m_name<< "  成绩：" << this->m_s[dit->second].m_score[this->index - 1] << endl;}//取走前3名int count = 0;for (multimap<double, int, greater<double>>::iterator fit = groupscore.begin(); fit != groupscore.end()&& count<3; fit++,count++){if (this->index == 1){v2.push_back((*fit).second);}elsev3.push_back((*fit).second);}groupscore.clear();cout << endl;}}cout << "---第" << this->index << "轮比赛结束---" << endl;system("pause");
}//计算成绩
double Speechmanger::avg_score()
{deque<double> d;for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++){double score = (rand() % 401 + 600) / 10.f;d.push_back(score);}sort(d.begin(), d.end(),greater<double>());           //降序排序//去除最高分和最低分d.pop_back();d.pop_front();double sum = accumulate(d.begin(), d.end(), 0.0f);double avg = sum / (double)d.size();return avg;
}//显示得分(1)
void Speechmanger::showscore()
{cout << "第一轮晋级决赛选手如下：" << endl;for (vector<int>::iterator it = v2.begin(); it != v2.end(); it++){cout << "选手编号：" << *it << "  姓名：" << this->m_s[*it].m_name << "  得分："<< this->m_s[*it].m_score[0]<<endl;}cout << endl;system("pause");system("cls");this->showmenu();
}//显示决赛获奖名单
void Speechmanger::showhonor()
{cout << "第二轮决赛获奖选手如下：" << endl;for (vector<int>::iterator it = v3.begin(); it != v3.end(); it++){cout << "选手编号：" << *it << "  姓名：" << this->m_s[*it].m_name << "  得分："<< this->m_s[*it].m_score[this->index-1] << endl;}cout << endl;system("pause");system("cls");this->showmenu();
}//保存本届决赛记录
void Speechmanger::saverecord()
{ofstream ofs;ofs.open("speech.csv",ios::out | ios::app);   //以追加方式写文件for (vector<int>::iterator it = v3.begin(); it != v3.end(); it++){ofs << *it << "," << this->m_s[*it].m_name << "," << this->m_s[*it].m_score[1] <<",";}ofs<<endl;ofs.close();cout << "记录保存完毕" << endl;this->fileempty = false;
}//读取比赛记录
void Speechmanger::loadrecord()
{ifstream ifs("speech.csv", ios::in);        //读文件//文件不存在if(!ifs.is_open()){this->fileempty = true;return;}//文件存在但被清空char ch;ifs >> ch;if (ifs.eof()){this->fileempty = true;ifs.close();return;}//文件不为空this->fileempty = false;ifs.putback(ch);string data;int num = 0;while (ifs >> data){vector<string> v;int pos = -1;          //查找","的位置int start = 0;         //开始查找的位置while (true){pos = data.find(",", start);if (pos == -1){//没有找到的情况break;}string temp = data.substr(start, pos - start);v.push_back(temp);start = pos + 1;}this->m_record.insert(make_pair(num, v));num++;}ifs.close();
}//显示往届记录
void Speechmanger::showrecord()
{if (this->fileempty){cout << "文件为空或记录不存在!" << endl;}else {for (int i = 0; i < this->m_record.size(); i++){cout << "第" << i + 1 << "届信息：" << endl;cout << "冠军编号：" << this->m_record[i][0] << " 冠军姓名：" << this->m_record[i][1] << " 冠军得分：" << this->m_record[i][2] << endl;cout << "亚军编号：" << this->m_record[i][3] << " 亚军姓名：" << this->m_record[i][4] << " 亚军得分：" << this->m_record[i][5] << endl;cout << "季军编号：" << this->m_record[i][6] << " 季军姓名：" << this->m_record[i][7] << " 季军得分：" << this->m_record[i][8] << endl;}}system("pause");system("cls");
}//清空文件
void Speechmanger::clearfile()
{cout << "是否确定清空文件？" << endl;cout << "1、是         2、否" << endl;int select = 0;cin >> select;if (select == 1){ofstream ofs("speech.csv", ios::trunc);ofs.close();this->initspeech();this->creatspeaker();this->loadrecord();cout << "清空成功!" << endl;}system("pause");system("cls");
}