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一.UDP通信
1.QT中实现UDP通信主要用到了以下类#xff1a;QUdpSocket、QHost…推荐一个不错的人工智能学习网站通俗易懂内容全面作为入门科普和学习提升都不错分享一下给大家前言https://www.captainbed.cn/ai
一.UDP通信
1.QT中实现UDP通信主要用到了以下类QUdpSocket、QHostAddress 2.UdpServer是服务器端用于监听客户端发送的消息并回复同样的消息 UdpClient是客户端用于向服务器发送一条消息并等待来自服务器的回复 3.UDP与TCP的区别
UDP像写信只要知道地址就可以发
TCP像打电话只有两人同时在线才能通信 4.UDP多播组播 二示例代码
本示例代码实现功能为本地管理的组播收发功能。
1.mainwindow.h
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H #include QMainWindow #include QUdpSocket
#include QLabel namespace Ui {
class MainWindow;
} class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{ Q_OBJECT private: QLabel *LabSocketState; QUdpSocket *udpSocket;//用于与连接的客户端通讯的QTcpSocket QHostAddress groupAddress;//组播地址 QString getLocalIP();//获取本机IP地址
public: explicit MainWindow(QWidget *parent 0); ~MainWindow(); private slots:
//自定义槽函数 void onSocketStateChange(QAbstractSocket::SocketState socketState); void onSocketReadyRead();//读取socket传入的数据 void on_actStart_triggered(); void on_actStop_triggered(); void on_actClear_triggered(); void on_actHostInfo_triggered(); void on_btnMulticast_clicked(); private: Ui::MainWindow *ui;
}; #endif // MAINWINDOW_H 2.mainwindow.cpp
#include mainwindow.h
#include ui_mainwindow.h
#include QtNetwork QString MainWindow::getLocalIP()
{ QString hostNameQHostInfo::localHostName();//本地主机名 QHostInfo hostInfoQHostInfo::fromName(hostName); QString localIP; QListQHostAddress addListhostInfo.addresses();// if (!addList.isEmpty()) for (int i0;iaddList.count();i) { QHostAddress aHostaddList.at(i); if (QAbstractSocket::IPv4ProtocolaHost.protocol()) { localIPaHost.toString(); break; } } return localIP;
} MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) : QMainWindow(parent), ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{ ui-setupUi(this); LabSocketStatenew QLabel(Socket状态);// LabSocketState-setMinimumWidth(200); ui-statusBar-addWidget(LabSocketState); QString localIPgetLocalIP();//本地主机名 this-setWindowTitle(this-windowTitle()----本机IPlocalIP); udpSocketnew QUdpSocket(this);//用于与连接的客户端通讯的QTcpSocket udpSocket-setSocketOption(QAbstractSocket::MulticastTtlOption,1); connect(udpSocket,SIGNAL(stateChanged(QAbstractSocket::SocketState)), this,SLOT(onSocketStateChange(QAbstractSocket::SocketState))); onSocketStateChange(udpSocket-state()); connect(udpSocket,SIGNAL(readyRead()), this,SLOT(onSocketReadyRead()));
} MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{ udpSocket-abort(); delete udpSocket; delete ui;
} void MainWindow::onSocketStateChange(QAbstractSocket::SocketState socketState)
{ switch(socketState) { case QAbstractSocket::UnconnectedState: LabSocketState-setText(scoket状态UnconnectedState); break; case QAbstractSocket::HostLookupState: LabSocketState-setText(scoket状态HostLookupState); break; case QAbstractSocket::ConnectingState: LabSocketState-setText(scoket状态ConnectingState); break; case QAbstractSocket::ConnectedState: LabSocketState-setText(scoket状态ConnectedState); break; case QAbstractSocket::BoundState: LabSocketState-setText(scoket状态BoundState); break; case QAbstractSocket::ClosingState: LabSocketState-setText(scoket状态ClosingState); break; case QAbstractSocket::ListeningState: LabSocketState-setText(scoket状态ListeningState); }
} void MainWindow::onSocketReadyRead()
{//读取数据报 while(udpSocket-hasPendingDatagrams()) { QByteArray datagram; datagram.resize(udpSocket-pendingDatagramSize()); QHostAddress peerAddr; quint16 peerPort; udpSocket-readDatagram(datagram.data(),datagram.size(),peerAddr,peerPort); QString strdatagram.data(); QString peer[From peerAddr.toString():QString::number(peerPort)] ; ui-plainTextEdit-appendPlainText(peerstr); }
} void MainWindow::on_actStart_triggered()
{//加入组播 QString IPui-comboIP-currentText(); groupAddressQHostAddress(IP);//多播组地址 quint16 groupPortui-spinPort-value();//端口 if (udpSocket-bind(QHostAddress::AnyIPv4, groupPort, QUdpSocket::ShareAddress))//先绑定端口 { udpSocket-joinMulticastGroup(groupAddress); //加入多播组 ui-plainTextEdit-appendPlainText(**加入组播成功); ui-plainTextEdit-appendPlainText(**组播地址IPIP); ui-plainTextEdit-appendPlainText(**绑定端口QString::number(groupPort)); ui-actStart-setEnabled(false); ui-actStop-setEnabled(true); ui-comboIP-setEnabled(false); } else ui-plainTextEdit-appendPlainText(**绑定端口失败);
} void MainWindow::on_actStop_triggered()
{//退出组播 udpSocket-leaveMulticastGroup(groupAddress);//退出组播 udpSocket-abort(); //解除绑定 ui-actStart-setEnabled(true); ui-actStop-setEnabled(false); ui-comboIP-setEnabled(true); ui-plainTextEdit-appendPlainText(**已退出组播,解除端口绑定);
} void MainWindow::on_actClear_triggered()
{ ui-plainTextEdit-clear();
} void MainWindow::on_actHostInfo_triggered()
{ QString hostNameQHostInfo::localHostName();//本地主机名 ui-plainTextEdit-appendPlainText(本机主机名hostName\n); QHostInfo hostInfoQHostInfo::fromName(hostName); QListQHostAddress addListhostInfo.addresses();// if (!addList.isEmpty()) for (int i0;iaddList.count();i) { QHostAddress aHostaddList.at(i); if (QAbstractSocket::IPv4ProtocolaHost.protocol()) { QString IPaHost.toString(); ui-plainTextEdit-appendPlainText(本机IP地址aHost.toString()); if (ui-comboIP-findText(IP)0) ui-comboIP-addItem(IP); } }
} void MainWindow::on_btnMulticast_clicked()
{//发送组播消息 quint16 groupPortui-spinPort-value(); QString msgui-editMsg-text(); QByteArray datagrammsg.toUtf8(); udpSocket-writeDatagram(datagram,groupAddress,groupPort); ui-plainTextEdit-appendPlainText([multicst] msg); ui-editMsg-clear(); ui-editMsg-setFocus();
} 三.测试结果
初始状态 2.组播通讯结果
