类似卡盟网站卖怎么做,网站建设基础入门,上传了网站源码怎么做,商业网站建设实列TOC
Muduo库简介
Muduo由陈硕⼤佬开发#xff0c;是⼀个基于⾮阻塞IO和事件驱动的C⾼并发TCP⽹络编程库。他是一款基于主从Reactor模型的网络库#xff0c;其使用的线程模型是one loop per thread, 所谓 one loop per thread 指的是#xff1a;
一个线程只能有一个事件循…TOC
Muduo库简介
Muduo由陈硕⼤佬开发是⼀个基于⾮阻塞IO和事件驱动的C⾼并发TCP⽹络编程库。他是一款基于主从Reactor模型的网络库其使用的线程模型是one loop per thread, 所谓 one loop per thread 指的是
一个线程只能有一个事件循环EventLoop用于相应计时器和IO时间一个文件描述符只能由一个线程进行读写换句话说就是一个TCP连接必须归属某个EventLoop管理
Muduo库常见接口介绍
muduo::net::TcpServer类基础介绍
typedef std::shared_ptrTcpConnection TcpConnectionPtr;
typedef std::functionvoid(const TcpConnectionPtr ) ConnectionCallback;
typedef std::functionvoid(const TcpConnectionPtr ,Buffer *,Timestamp)MessageCallback;
class InetAddress : public muduo::copyable
{
public:InetAddress(StringArg ip, uint16_t port, bool ipv6 false);
};
class TcpServer : noncopyable
{
public:enum Option{kNoReusePort,kReusePort,};TcpServer(EventLoop *loop,const InetAddress listenAddr,const string nameArg,Option option kNoReusePort);void setThreadNum(int numThreads);void start();/// 当⼀个新连接建⽴成功的时候被调⽤void setConnectionCallback(const ConnectionCallback cb){connectionCallback_ cb;}/// 消息的业务处理回调函数---这是收到新连接消息的时候被调⽤的函数void setMessageCallback(const MessageCallback cb){messageCallback_ cb;}
};muduo::net::EventLoop 类基础介绍
class EventLoop : noncopyable
{
public:/// 无限循环。/// 必须在与对象创建相同的线程中调用。void loop();/// 退出循环。/// 如果通过原始指针调用这不是 100% 线程安全/// 最好通过 shared_ptrEventLoop 调用以保证 100% 安全。void quit();TimerId runAt(Timestamp time, TimerCallback cb);/// 在 c delay 秒后运行回调。/// 线程安全可以从其他线程调用。TimerId runAfter(double delay, TimerCallback cb);/// 每隔 c interval 秒运行一次回调。/// 线程安全可以从其他线程调用。TimerId runEvery(double interval, TimerCallback cb);/// 取消定时器。/// 线程安全可以从其他线程调用。void cancel(TimerId timerId);private:std::atomicbool quit_;std::unique_ptrPoller poller_;mutable MutexLock mutex_;std::vectorFunctor pendingFunctors_ GUARDED_BY(mutex_);
};muduo::net::TcpConnection 类基础介绍
class TcpConnection : noncopyable,public std::enable_shared_from_thisTcpConnection
{
public:/// 使用已连接的 sockfd 构造 TcpConnection////// 用户不应创建此对象。TcpConnection(EventLoop *loop,const string name,int sockfd,const InetAddress localAddr,const InetAddress peerAddr);/// 检查连接是否已建立bool connected() const { return state_ kConnected; }/// 检查连接是否已断开bool disconnected() const { return state_ kDisconnected; }/// 发送消息右值引用C11void send(string message); // C11/// 发送消息指针和长度void send(const void *message, int len);/// 发送消息StringPiecevoid send(const StringPiece message);/// 发送消息Buffer 指针交换数据void send(Buffer *message); // this one will swap data/// 关闭连接非线程安全不能同时调用void shutdown(); // NOT thread safe, no simultaneous calling/// 设置上下文void setContext(const boost::any context){context_ context;}/// 获取上下文常量引用const boost::any getContext() const{return context_;}/// 获取可变的上下文指针boost::any *getMutableContext(){return context_;}/// 设置连接回调函数void setConnectionCallback(const ConnectionCallback cb){connectionCallback_ cb;}/// 设置消息回调函数void setMessageCallback(const MessageCallback cb){messageCallback_ cb;}private:/// 连接状态枚举enum StateE{kDisconnected,kConnecting,kConnected,kDisconnecting};EventLoop *loop_; // 事件循环指针ConnectionCallback connectionCallback_; // 连接回调函数MessageCallback messageCallback_; // 消息回调函数WriteCompleteCallback writeCompleteCallback_; // 写完成回调函数boost::any context_; // 上下文数据
};muduo::net::TcpClient类基础介绍
class TcpClient : noncopyable
{
public:/// 构造函数通过服务器地址和客户端名称构造TcpClientTcpClient(EventLoop *loop,const InetAddress serverAddr,const string nameArg);/// 析构函数强制外部析构以便管理std::unique_ptr成员~TcpClient(); // force out-line dtor, for std::unique_ptr members./// 连接服务器void connect();/// 断开连接void disconnect();/// 停止客户端void stop();/// 获取客户端对应的通信连接Connection对象的接口/// 在调用connect后有可能连接还没有建立成功TcpConnectionPtr connection() const{MutexLockGuard lock(mutex_);return connection_;}/// 设置连接服务器成功时的回调函数void setConnectionCallback(ConnectionCallback cb){connectionCallback_ std::move(cb);}/// 设置收到服务器发送的消息时的回调函数void setMessageCallback(MessageCallback cb){messageCallback_ std::move(cb);}private:EventLoop *loop_; // 事件循环指针ConnectionCallback connectionCallback_; // 连接回调函数MessageCallback messageCallback_; // 消息回调函数WriteCompleteCallback writeCompleteCallback_; // 写完成回调函数TcpConnectionPtr connection_ GUARDED_BY(mutex_); // 连接对象受mutex_保护
};/*
需要注意的是因为muduo库不管是服务器端还是客户端都是异步操作
对于客户端来说如果我们在连接还没有完全建立成功的时候发送数据这是不被允许的。
因此我们可以使用内置的CountDownLatch类进行同步控制。
*/
class CountDownLatch : noncopyable
{
public:/// 显式构造函数初始化倒计时计数explicit CountDownLatch(int count);/// 等待倒计时完成void wait(){MutexLockGuard lock(mutex_);while (count_ 0){condition_.wait();}}/// 倒计时减一void countDown(){MutexLockGuard lock(mutex_);--count_;if (count_ 0){condition_.notifyAll();}}/// 获取当前倒计时计数int getCount() const;private:mutable MutexLock mutex_; // 互斥锁受保护的成员变量Condition condition_ GUARDED_BY(mutex_); // 条件变量受mutex_保护int count_ GUARDED_BY(mutex_); // 倒计时计数受mutex_保护
};muduo::net::Buffer 类基础介绍
class Buffer : public muduo::copyable
{
public:/// 常量预留的前置空间大小static const size_t kCheapPrepend 8;/// 常量初始缓冲区大小static const size_t kInitialSize 1024;/// 显式构造函数初始化缓冲区大小explicit Buffer(size_t initialSize kInitialSize): buffer_(kCheapPrepend initialSize),readerIndex_(kCheapPrepend),writerIndex_(kCheapPrepend) {}/// 交换缓冲区内容void swap(Buffer rhs);/// 可读字节数size_t readableBytes() const;/// 可写字节数size_t writableBytes() const;/// 返回指向可读数据的指针const char *peek() const;/// 查找换行符CRLF的指针const char *findEOL() const;/// 从指定位置开始查找换行符CRLF的指针const char *findEOL(const char *start) const;/// 从缓冲区中取出指定长度的数据void retrieve(size_t len);/// 从缓冲区中取出一个64位整数void retrieveInt64();/// 从缓冲区中取出一个32位整数void retrieveInt32();/// 从缓冲区中取出一个16位整数void retrieveInt16();/// 从缓冲区中取出一个8位整数void retrieveInt8();/// 将缓冲区中的所有数据取出并转换为字符串string retrieveAllAsString();/// 将缓冲区中指定长度的数据取出并转换为字符串string retrieveAsString(size_t len);/// 向缓冲区追加字符串void append(const StringPiece str);/// 向缓冲区追加指定数据和长度void append(const char * /*restrict*/ data, size_t len);/// 向缓冲区追加指定数据和长度void append(const void * /*restrict*/ data, size_t len);/// 返回指向可写数据的指针char *beginWrite();/// 返回指向可写数据的常量指针const char *beginWrite() const;/// 更新已写入的长度void hasWritten(size_t len);/// 向缓冲区追加一个64位整数void appendInt64(int64_t x);/// 向缓冲区追加一个32位整数void appendInt32(int32_t x);/// 向缓冲区追加一个16位整数void appendInt16(int16_t x);/// 向缓冲区追加一个8位整数void appendInt8(int8_t x);/// 从缓冲区中读取一个64位整数int64_t readInt64();/// 从缓冲区中读取一个32位整数int32_t readInt32();/// 从缓冲区中读取一个16位整数int16_t readInt16();/// 从缓冲区中读取一个8位整数int8_t readInt8();/// 查看缓冲区中的一个64位整数int64_t peekInt64() const;/// 查看缓冲区中的一个32位整数int32_t peekInt32() const;/// 查看缓冲区中的一个16位整数int16_t peekInt16() const;/// 查看缓冲区中的一个8位整数int8_t peekInt8() const;/// 在缓冲区前面添加一个64位整数void prependInt64(int64_t x);/// 在缓冲区前面添加一个32位整数void prependInt32(int32_t x);/// 在缓冲区前面添加一个16位整数void prependInt16(int16_t x);/// 在缓冲区前面添加一个8位整数void prependInt8(int8_t x);/// 在缓冲区前面添加指定数据和长度void prepend(const void * /*restrict*/ data, size_t len);private:std::vectorchar buffer_; // 缓冲区size_t readerIndex_; // 读索引size_t writerIndex_; // 写索引static const char kCRLF[]; // 换行符常量
};接下来就是通过上面的接口来使用muduo库通过protobuf实现网络通信这里我们简单写一个计算器
客户端
#include muduo/proto/dispatcher.h
#include muduo/proto/codec.h
#include muduo/base/Logging.h
#include muduo/base/Mutex.h
#include muduo/net/EventLoop.h
#include muduo/net/TcpClient.h
#include muduo/net/EventLoopThread.h
#include muduo/base/CountDownLatch.h#include request.pb.h
#include memory
#include iostreamclass Client
{
public:typedef std::shared_ptrsslx::AddResponse AddResponsePtr;typedef std::shared_ptrsslx::SubResponse SubResponsePtr;typedef std::shared_ptrsslx::MulResponse MulResponsePtr;typedef std::shared_ptrsslx::DivResponse DivResponsePtr;typedef std::shared_ptrsslx::ErrorResponse ErrorResponsePtr;typedef std::shared_ptrgoogle::protobuf::Message MessagePtr;Client(const std::string sip, int port):_latch(1),_client(_loopthread.startLoop(), muduo::net::InetAddress(sip, port), Client),_dispatcher(std::bind(Client::onUnknownMessage, this, std::placeholders::_1, std::placeholders::_2, std::placeholders::_3)),_codec(std::bind(ProtobufDispatcher::onProtobufMessage, _dispatcher, std::placeholders::_1, std::placeholders::_2, std::placeholders::_3)){// 注册业务回复处理函数_dispatcher.registerMessageCallbacksslx::AddResponse(std::bind(Client::onAdd, this, std::placeholders::_1, std::placeholders::_2, std::placeholders::_3));_dispatcher.registerMessageCallbacksslx::SubResponse(std::bind(Client::onSub, this, std::placeholders::_1, std::placeholders::_2, std::placeholders::_3));_dispatcher.registerMessageCallbacksslx::MulResponse(std::bind(Client::onMul, this, std::placeholders::_1, std::placeholders::_2, std::placeholders::_3));_dispatcher.registerMessageCallbacksslx::DivResponse(std::bind(Client::onDiv, this, std::placeholders::_1, std::placeholders::_2, std::placeholders::_3));_dispatcher.registerMessageCallbacksslx::ErrorResponse(std::bind(Client::onError, this, std::placeholders::_1, std::placeholders::_2, std::placeholders::_3));_client.setMessageCallback(std::bind(ProtobufCodec::onMessage, _codec, std::placeholders::_1, std::placeholders::_2, std::placeholders::_3));_client.setConnectionCallback(std::bind(Client::onConnection, this, std::placeholders::_1));Connect();}void Connect(){_client.connect();_latch.wait();}void Add(int num1 , int num2){sslx::AddRequest req;req.set_num1(num1);req.set_num2(num2);send(req);}void Sub(int num1 , int num2){sslx::SubRequest req;req.set_num1(num1);req.set_num2(num2);send(req);}void Mul(int num1 , int num2){sslx::MulRequest req;req.set_num1(num1);req.set_num2(num2);send(req);}void Div(int num1 , int num2){sslx::DivRequest req;req.set_num1(num1);req.set_num2(num2);send(req);}
private:bool send(const google::protobuf::Message msg){//连接状态正常再发送否则就返回falseif(_conn-connected()){_codec.send(_conn, msg);return true;}return false;}void onConnection(const muduo::net::TcpConnectionPtr conn){if(conn-connected()){_conn conn;_latch.countDown();}else{_conn.reset(); // 连接关闭时的操作}}void onUnknownMessage(const muduo::net::TcpConnectionPtr conn, const MessagePtr msg, muduo::Timestamp){LOG_INFO onUnknowMessage msg-GetTypeName();conn-shutdown();}void onAdd(const muduo::net::TcpConnectionPtr conn, const AddResponsePtr msg, muduo::Timestamp){std::cout 加法结果 : msg-result() std::endl; }void onSub(const muduo::net::TcpConnectionPtr conn, const SubResponsePtr msg, muduo::Timestamp){std::cout 减法结果 : msg-result() std::endl;}void onMul(const muduo::net::TcpConnectionPtr conn, const MulResponsePtr msg, muduo::Timestamp){std::cout 乘法结果 : msg-result() std::endl;}void onDiv(const muduo::net::TcpConnectionPtr conn, const DivResponsePtr msg, muduo::Timestamp){std::cout 除法结果 : msg-result() std::endl;}void onError(const muduo::net::TcpConnectionPtr conn, const ErrorResponsePtr msg, muduo::Timestamp){std::cout 出现除零错误 std::endl;}private:muduo::CountDownLatch _latch; //主要同步主线程和网络线程确保在连接建立之前不会发送请求muduo::net::EventLoopThread _loopthread; // 提供一个独立的事件循环用于处理网络事件muduo::net::TcpConnectionPtr _conn; // 保存当前的TcpConnectionPtr, 用于在连接建立之后发送消息muduo::net::TcpClient _client; // 管理客户端的连接和重连ProtobufDispatcher _dispatcher; // 用于根据消息的类型调用相应的处理函数ProtobufCodec _codec; // 负责Protobuf消息的编解码};int main()
{Client client(127.0.0.1, 8085);client.Add(11, 11);client.Sub(11, 11);sleep(1);return 0;
}服务端
#include muduo/proto/codec.h
#include muduo/proto/dispatcher.h
#include muduo/base/Logging.h
#include muduo/base/Mutex.h
#include muduo/net/EventLoop.h
#include muduo/net/TcpServer.h#include request.pb.h#include memory
#include string
#include iostream
#include unordered_mapclass Server
{
public:typedef std::shared_ptrgoogle::protobuf::Message MessagePtr;typedef std::shared_ptrsslx::AddRequest AddRequestPtr;typedef std::shared_ptrsslx::SubRequest SubRequestPtr;typedef std::shared_ptrsslx::MulRequest MulRequestPtr;typedef std::shared_ptrsslx::DivRequest DivRequestPtr;Server(int port):_server(_baseLoop, muduo::net::InetAddress(0.0.0.0, port), Server, muduo::net::TcpServer::kReusePort),_dispatcher(std::bind(Server::onUnknownMessage, this, std::placeholders::_1, std::placeholders::_2, std::placeholders::_3)),_codec(std::bind(ProtobufDispatcher::onProtobufMessage, _dispatcher, std::placeholders::_1, std::placeholders::_2, std::placeholders::_3)){_dispatcher.registerMessageCallbacksslx::AddRequest(std::bind(Server::onAdd, this, std::placeholders::_1, std::placeholders::_2, std::placeholders::_3));_dispatcher.registerMessageCallbacksslx::SubRequest(std::bind(Server::onSub, this, std::placeholders::_1, std::placeholders::_2, std::placeholders::_3));_dispatcher.registerMessageCallbacksslx::MulRequest(std::bind(Server::onMul, this, std::placeholders::_1, std::placeholders::_2, std::placeholders::_3));_dispatcher.registerMessageCallbacksslx::DivRequest(std::bind(Server::onDiv, this, std::placeholders::_1, std::placeholders::_2, std::placeholders::_3));_server.setMessageCallback(std::bind(ProtobufCodec::onMessage, _codec, std::placeholders::_1, std::placeholders::_2, std::placeholders::_3));_server.setConnectionCallback(std::bind(Server::onConnection, this, std::placeholders::_1));}void start(){_server.start();_baseLoop.loop();}
private:int Add(int num1, int num2){return num1 num2;}int Sub(int num1, int num2){return num1 - num2;}int Mul(int num1, int num2){return num1 * num2;}int Div(int num1, int num2){if(num2 0){return INT_MIN;}return num1 / num2;}void onAdd(const muduo::net::TcpConnectionPtr conn, const AddRequestPtr msg, muduo::Timestamp){sslx::AddResponse resp;int ret Add(msg-num1(), msg-num2());resp.set_result(ret);_codec.send(conn, resp);}void onSub(const muduo::net::TcpConnectionPtr conn, const SubRequestPtr msg, muduo::Timestamp){sslx::SubResponse resp;int ret Sub(msg-num1(), msg-num2());resp.set_result(ret);_codec.send(conn, resp);}void onMul(const muduo::net::TcpConnectionPtr conn, const MulRequestPtr msg, muduo::Timestamp){sslx::MulResponse resp;int ret Mul(msg-num1(), msg-num2());resp.set_result(ret);_codec.send(conn, resp);}void onDiv(const muduo::net::TcpConnectionPtr conn, const DivRequestPtr msg, muduo::Timestamp){sslx::DivResponse resp1;sslx::ErrorResponse resp2;int ret Div(msg-num1(), msg-num2());if(ret INT_MIN){resp2.set_msg(std::to_string(ret));_codec.send(conn, resp2);}else{resp1.set_result(ret);_codec.send(conn, resp1);}}void onUnknownMessage(const muduo::net::TcpConnectionPtr conn, const MessagePtr message, muduo::Timestamp){LOG_INFO onUNknownMessage : message-GetTypeName();conn-shutdown();}void onConnection(const muduo::net::TcpConnectionPtr conn){if(conn-connected()){LOG_INFO 新连接建立成功;}else{LOG_INFO 连接已关闭;}}private:muduo::net::EventLoop _baseLoop;muduo::net::TcpServer _server; //服务器对象ProtobufDispatcher _dispatcher; // 请求分发对象 --要向其中注册请求处理函数ProtobufCodec _codec; // protobuf协议处理器--针对收到的请求数据进行protobuf协议处理};int main()
{Server server(8085);server.start();return 0;
} 这里简单梳理一下网路的流程在进行初始化的时候客户端和服务端之间会对_codec和_dispatcher还有事件监控循环线程在建立连接的时候异步线程会通过setConnectionCallback的回调函数onConnection函数中的countDown() 函数唤醒主线程开始进行业务处理在进行业务处理的时候会将请求通过send发到缓冲区中响应报文回来之后会给setMessageCallback函数传递信号然后由loop线程来接收到响应调用相关的函数来对结果进行处理。
protobuf
syntax proto3;package sslx;message AddRequest
{int32 num1 1;int32 num2 2;
}message AddResponse
{int32 result 1;
}message SubRequest
{int32 num1 1;int32 num2 2;
}message SubResponse
{int32 result 1;
}message MulRequest
{int32 num1 1;int32 num2 2;
}message MulResponse
{int32 result 1;
}message DivRequest
{int32 num1 1;int32 num2 2;
}message DivResponse
{int32 result 1;
}message ErrorResponse
{string msg 1;
}
makefile
all: client server
client: client.cc request.pb.cc mqthird/include/muduo/proto/codec.ccg -g -o $ $^ -stdc11 -I./mqthird/include -L./mqthird/lib -lmuduo_net -lmuduo_base -lpthread -lprotobuf -lz
server: server.cc request.pb.cc mqthird/include/muduo/proto/codec.ccg -g -o $ $^ -stdc11 -I./mqthird/include -L./mqthird/lib -lmuduo_net -lmuduo_base -lpthread -lprotobuf -lz
.PHONY:clean
clean:rm -rf server clientgitee
https://gitee.com/pu-mingbo/master.git
