佛山网站设计模板,网站须知,门户网站都有哪些,it网上做笔记的网站文章目录 1、Docker 环境信息命令1.1、docker info1.2、docker version 2、系统日志信息常用命令2.1、docker events2.2、docker logs2.3、docker history 3、容器的生命周期管理命令3.1、docker create3.2、docker run 总结 1、Docker 环境信息命令
1.1、docker info
显示 D… 文章目录 1、Docker 环境信息命令1.1、docker info1.2、docker version 2、系统日志信息常用命令2.1、docker events2.2、docker logs2.3、docker history 3、容器的生命周期管理命令3.1、docker create3.2、docker run 总结 1、Docker 环境信息命令
1.1、docker info
显示 Docker 系统信息包括镜像、容器数、仓库镜像、架构等。
docker info [OPTIONS]示例
kingking-server:~$ docker info
Client: Docker Engine - CommunityVersion: 24.0.7Context: defaultDebug Mode: falsePlugins:buildx: Docker Buildx (Docker Inc.)Version: v0.11.2Path: /usr/libexec/docker/cli-plugins/docker-buildxcompose: Docker Compose (Docker Inc.)Version: v2.21.0Path: /usr/libexec/docker/cli-plugins/docker-composeServer:Containers: 6Running: 1Paused: 0Stopped: 5Images: 3Server Version: 24.0.7Storage Driver: overlay2Backing Filesystem: extfsSupports d_type: trueUsing metacopy: falseNative Overlay Diff: trueuserxattr: falseLogging Driver: json-fileCgroup Driver: cgroupfsCgroup Version: 1Plugins:Volume: localNetwork: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlayLog: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslogSwarm: inactiveRuntimes: runc io.containerd.runc.v2Default Runtime: runcInit Binary: docker-initcontainerd version: 3dd1e886e55dd695541fdcd67420c2888645a495runc version: v1.1.10-0-g18a0cb0init version: de40ad0Security Options:apparmorseccompProfile: builtinKernel Version: 5.4.0-169-genericOperating System: Ubuntu 20.04.5 LTSOSType: linuxArchitecture: x86_64CPUs: 4Total Memory: 3.797GiBName: king-serverID: 2cf468ba-1204-4a1a-bebf-e859aaab7ca2Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/dockerDebug Mode: falseExperimental: falseInsecure Registries:127.0.0.0/8Live Restore Enabled: false
1.2、docker version
显示 Docker 版本信息。
docker version [OPTIONS]示例
kingking-server:~$ docker version
Client: Docker Engine - CommunityVersion: 24.0.7API version: 1.43Go version: go1.20.10Git commit: afdd53bBuilt: Thu Oct 26 09:08:01 2023OS/Arch: linux/amd64Context: defaultServer: Docker Engine - CommunityEngine:Version: 24.0.7API version: 1.43 (minimum version 1.12)Go version: go1.20.10Git commit: 311b9ffBuilt: Thu Oct 26 09:08:01 2023OS/Arch: linux/amd64Experimental: falsecontainerd:Version: 1.6.26GitCommit: 3dd1e886e55dd695541fdcd67420c2888645a495runc:Version: 1.1.10GitCommit: v1.1.10-0-g18a0cb0docker-init:Version: 0.19.0GitCommit: de40ad02、系统日志信息常用命令
2.1、docker events
从服务器获取实时事件监听docker事件。
docker events [OPTIONS]
OPTIONS说明
-f 根据条件过滤事件
--since 从指定的时间戳后显示所有事件;
--until 流水时间显示到指定的时间为止示例
# 第一个终端执行
docker events
# 第二个终端操作容器比如docker run -d nginx
docker start/stop/restart
# 查看第一个终端输出# 启动容器事件
2022-12-08T14:18:01.476501682Z container create 36f6736b9c6289da6db95898507796a378cd03e29b51166039c5a5a593377fb0 (imagenginx, maintainerNGINX Docker Maintainers docker-maintnginx.com, namestupefied_newton)
2022-12-08T14:18:01.578704583Z network connect fdb00a147400b60e2c0706129ed2b143a13c02c5675b5fc2871c5d4ed42aa478 (container36f6736b9c6289da6db95898507796a378cd03e29b51166039c5a5a593377fb0, namebridge, typebridge)
2022-12-08T14:18:03.310080179Z container start 36f6736b9c6289da6db95898507796a378cd03e29b51166039c5a5a593377fb0 (imagenginx, maintainerNGINX Docker Maintainers docker-maintnginx.com, namestupefied_newton)# stop事件
2022-12-08T14:20:19.252053300Z container kill 36f6736b9c6289da6db95898507796a378cd03e29b51166039c5a5a593377fb0 (imagenginx, maintainerNGINX Docker Maintainers docker-maintnginx.com, namestupefied_newton, signal3)
2022-12-08T14:20:19.365758840Z container die 36f6736b9c6289da6db95898507796a378cd03e29b51166039c5a5a593377fb0 (exitCode0, imagenginx, maintainerNGINX Docker Maintainers docker-maintnginx.com, namestupefied_newton)
2022-12-08T14:20:19.468679557Z network disconnect fdb00a147400b60e2c0706129ed2b143a13c02c5675b5fc2871c5d4ed42aa478 (container36f6736b9c6289da6db95898507796a378cd03e29b51166039c5a5a593377fb0, namebridge, typebridge)
2022-12-08T14:20:19.535147938Z container stop 36f6736b9c6289da6db95898507796a378cd03e29b51166039c5a5a593377fb0 (imagenginx, maintainerNGINX Docker Maintainers docker-maintnginx.com, namestupefied_newton)2.2、docker logs
docker logs通常用于排查容器里面的问题。比如容器里部署的程序执行不起来由于docker做了隔离就需要使用docker logs来排除问题。
docker logs [OPTIONS] CONTAINER
OPTIONS说明
-f : 跟踪日志输出
--since :显示某个开始时间的所有日志
-t : 显示时间戳
--tail :仅列出最新N条容器日志
-n :显示最后多少行的日志示例
kingking-server:~$ docker logs -f affectionate_pare
/docker-entrypoint.sh: /docker-entrypoint.d/ is not empty, will attempt to perform configuration
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Looking for shell scripts in /docker-entrypoint.d/
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh
10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: info: Getting the checksum of /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: info: Enabled listen on IPv6 in /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Sourcing /docker-entrypoint.d/15-local-resolvers.envsh
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/20-envsubst-on-templates.sh
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/30-tune-worker-processes.sh
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Configuration complete; ready for start up
2024/01/21 11:12:09 [notice] 1#1: using the epoll event method
2024/01/21 11:12:09 [notice] 1#1: nginx/1.25.3
2024/01/21 11:12:09 [notice] 1#1: built by gcc 12.2.0 (Debian 12.2.0-14)
2024/01/21 11:12:09 [notice] 1#1: OS: Linux 5.4.0-169-generic
2024/01/21 11:12:09 [notice] 1#1: getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE): 1048576:1048576
2024/01/21 11:12:09 [notice] 1#1: start worker processes
2024/01/21 11:12:09 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 29
2024/01/21 11:12:09 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 30
2024/01/21 11:12:09 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 31
2024/01/21 11:12:09 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 32kingking-server:~$ docker logs -n 10 affectionate_pare
2024/01/21 11:12:09 [notice] 1#1: using the epoll event method
2024/01/21 11:12:09 [notice] 1#1: nginx/1.25.3
2024/01/21 11:12:09 [notice] 1#1: built by gcc 12.2.0 (Debian 12.2.0-14)
2024/01/21 11:12:09 [notice] 1#1: OS: Linux 5.4.0-169-generic
2024/01/21 11:12:09 [notice] 1#1: getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE): 1048576:1048576
2024/01/21 11:12:09 [notice] 1#1: start worker processes
2024/01/21 11:12:09 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 29
2024/01/21 11:12:09 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 30
2024/01/21 11:12:09 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 31
2024/01/21 11:12:09 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 322.3、docker history
查看指定镜像的创建历史。
docker history [OPTIONS] IMAGE
OPTIONS说明
-H :以可读的格式打印镜像大小和日期默认为true
--no-trunc :显示完整的提交记录
-q :仅列出提交记录ID示例
kingking-server:~$ docker history affectionate_pare
Error response from daemon: No such image: affectionate_pare:latest
kingking-server:~$ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
registry 2 909c3ff012b7 7 weeks ago 25.4MB
nginx latest d453dd892d93 2 months ago 187MB
hello-world latest d2c94e258dcb 8 months ago 13.3kB
kingking-server:~$ docker history nginx
IMAGE CREATED CREATED BY SIZE COMMENT
d453dd892d93 2 months ago CMD [nginx -g daemon off;] 0B buildkit.dockerfile.v0
missing 2 months ago STOPSIGNAL SIGQUIT 0B buildkit.dockerfile.v0
missing 2 months ago EXPOSE map[80/tcp:{}] 0B buildkit.dockerfile.v0
missing 2 months ago ENTRYPOINT [/docker-entrypoint.sh] 0B buildkit.dockerfile.v0
missing 2 months ago COPY 30-tune-worker-processes.sh /docker-ent… 4.62kB buildkit.dockerfile.v0
missing 2 months ago COPY 20-envsubst-on-templates.sh /docker-ent… 3.02kB buildkit.dockerfile.v0
missing 2 months ago COPY 15-local-resolvers.envsh /docker-entryp… 298B buildkit.dockerfile.v0
missing 2 months ago COPY 10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh /docker… 2.12kB buildkit.dockerfile.v0
missing 2 months ago COPY docker-entrypoint.sh / # buildkit 1.62kB buildkit.dockerfile.v0
missing 2 months ago RUN /bin/sh -c set -x groupadd --syst… 112MB buildkit.dockerfile.v0
missing 2 months ago ENV PKG_RELEASE1~bookworm 0B buildkit.dockerfile.v0
missing 2 months ago ENV NJS_VERSION0.8.2 0B buildkit.dockerfile.v0
missing 2 months ago ENV NGINX_VERSION1.25.3 0B buildkit.dockerfile.v0
missing 2 months ago LABEL maintainerNGINX Docker Maintainers d… 0B buildkit.dockerfile.v0
missing 2 months ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD [bash] 0B
missing 2 months ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:ac3cd70031d35e46d… 74.8MB3、容器的生命周期管理命令
3.1、docker create
创建一个新的容器但不启动它语法同docker run。 示例
docker create nginx3.2、docker run
创建一个新的容器并运行一个命令。
docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]常用选项
–add-host容器中hosts文件添加 host:ip 映射记录。
docker run --rm -it --add-host db-static:86.75.30.9 ubuntu cat /etc/hosts-a, --attach附加到 STDIN, STDOUT 或 STDERR。
docker run --rm -a stdin -a stdout -i -t ubuntu /bin/bash–cidfile将容器id写入到指定文件。
docker run --rm --cidfile /tmp/idfile ubuntu-d, --detach后台运行容器并打印容器id。–detach-keys指定将容器切回后台的按键默认CTRL-pCTRL-q。–disable-content-trust跳过镜像验证默认为TRUE。–domainname设置容器网络服务域名。–entrypoint覆盖镜像默认程序入口。
docker run --rm -it --entrypoint /bin/bash nginx-e, --env设置环境变量。–env-file从文件中读取环境变量。–expose暴露一个或多个端口。–group-add为容器用户添加更多用户组。
docker run --rm --group-add audio --group-add nogroup --group-add 777 ubuntu id-h, --hostname string设置主机名。–init 在容器内运行init转发信号并捕获进程。
# ps 对比容器的元祖进程
docker run --rm -it ubuntu bash
docker run --rm -it --init ubuntu bash-i, --interactive保持标准输入设备处于打开状态。-l, --label list设置容器元数据labels。–label-file list从文件中读取以换行作为分隔符的label。–link添加一个其他容器的链接及修改当容器的/etc/hosts文件。–log-driver容器日志驱动none、local、json-file、syslog、journald、gelf、fluentd、awslogs、splunk、etwlogs、gcplogs、logentries。–log-opt日志驱动选项。–mount将文件系统挂载到容器与 -v 类似。
# 挂载volume
docker run -t -i --rm --mount typevolume,target/data ubuntu bash
# 创建目录
mkdir /tmp/data
# 修改目录所有权仅当使用userns的情况下需要
sudo chown 165536:root /tmp/data
# bind 磁盘已存在目录
docker run -t -i --rm --mount typebind,src/tmp/data,dst/data ubuntu bash–name指定容器名称。–privileged授予容器超级权限。-p, --publish发布容器端口都主机端口。-P, --publish-all将所有暴露的端口发布到主机随机端口。–pull运行前拉取图像always|missing|never,默认 missing。–pids-limit限制容器中pid个数。–read-only 将容器跟文件系统装载为只读。–restart当容器退出时的重启策略默认为no。–rm当容器退出时自动删除容器。–sig-proxy将接收到的信号代理到进程默认为true。–stop-signal停止容器的信号默认为“SIGTERM”。–stop-timeout容器停止超时时长单位s。–tmpfs装载tmpfs目录。
docker run -dit --rm --tmpfs /run1:rw,noexec,nosuid,size65536k ubuntu bash-t, --tty分配一个伪终端设备。-u, --user 用户名或用户ID (格式: name|uid[:group|gid])。-v, --volume 绑定数据卷。–volume-driver容器的可选卷驱动程序。–volumes-from从指定的容器装载数据卷。-w, --workdir容器内的工作目录。
总结
docker run主要做三件事情创建容器、连接网络、启动容器。
